PANEL 17-B: The legacy of universal brotherhood. Change and continuity in the Esperanto movement

Th is year marks the 135th anniversary of the publication of the fi rst grammar of Esperanto, a language created to facilitate communication among individuals and among peoples. Defying the most ominous predictions, it has survived wars and persecutions and is still with us today. It is time to take stock of the social movement created around this international language. What do we know about the Esperanto movement? What scope has it had? Who have been its allies? And its opponents? What relationship has it had with diff erent ideologies and with other social movements? We are interested in research located at different historical moments in order to examine, as a whole, what has changed and what remains constant. Being a transversal and interdisciplinary phenomenon, we welcome contributions from intellectual history and the history of ideas, social history and the history of the labor movement, as well as otherdisciplines of the social sciences, such as sociology and anthropology.