Totalitarisme to the White Magazine | Secció Història Contemporànea Món actual

Imatge de la publicaciÃ³

This work aims to illustrate, through the analysis of the articles published in the “White Magazine” between 1923 and 1925, the common elements of the “totalitarian” regimes born after the first world war conflict, that is Italian , Russian and German. To draw up a network of correspondences in these movements, we have been based on the studies of Furet so that in relations between Italian fascism and Russian communism it refers to and in the theories of Mosse related to the link between fascism and Nazism devoting a special interest to the elements of an ideological nature originated from common cultural budgets.

Indeed, we are convinced that, while sharing the idea that it is not possible to speak of a single “fascism”, highlighting only the common characteristics of these regimes, since each one of them has unique and peculiar characteristics, on the other It is necessary to identify the common elements that characterize them, such as the “dialectic” and “non-causal” relationship pointed out by Furet between fascism and communism; Both movements constitute, in effect, an answer to the crisis of the liberal state. It is also necessary to highlight the common elements of ideological matrix between fascism and Nazism, analyzed by Mosse, both based on cultural budgets, the common features can not by no means be ignored.

Based on the general idea that the three totalitarian movements are born as a response to the historical context of the Great European War and the serious political, economic, social and cultural crisis, the examination of some articles from the “White Magazine” can undoubtedly To contribute to give a look, not without definite ideological nuances, clear and close to the crucial years in which these movements were affirmed contemporarily in Europe.

With his name in the French “La Revue Blanche”, under the direction of Alexandre Natason, so warmly received he had given the Spanish exiles and had collaborated so much in the campaign to review the Montjuïc process in 1896, the “White Magazine “It was born with the purpose of denouncing and requesting the revision, through its writings, of the process of Montjuïc 1896. Published in two periods: from 1898 to 1905 in Madrid, and from 1923 to 1936 in Barcelona it constitutes, without a doubt , one of the most representative magazines of Spanish anarchism.

Among his most assiduous collaborators, in his second stage, they explain such notable intellectuals as Augusto De Montcada, Solano Palacio, Max Nettlau. The magazine, published under moderate censorship during the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera, will be published under the name of Joan Montseny, Teresa Mañé, both of them under different pseudonyms.

The aim of the journal is, fundamentally, the cultural dissemination of the ideal anarchist, trying to clarify the different positions that exist in the left-wing area, defining the boundaries between communism, socialism and anarchism, with a special emphasis on the Importance of the mission of the unions. The magazine, entirely managed by the Montseny family, contains several sections and supplements in which they collaborate, each one from their particular sensitivities and ideological perspectives, both Joan and Teresa as the daughter, Frederica, who will practically take over from her father in the last times of the publication of the same, that is, towards 1935; Ural will be, in effect, tolerated until 1928, when he will be imprisoned because of the articles that encouraged the conflict with the National Committee of the CNT, but mainly because of the campaign in favor of prisoners. The family, debating between “faience” and “pimargallism” will enter several times in open conflict with the CNT, who will accuse the Montseny family of carrying out a denigration campaign against trade unionism and the leaders of the CNT.