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Country name:
conventional long form:
Republic of Moldova
conventional short form:
Moldova
local long form: Republica
Moldova
local short form: Moldova
former: Soviet Socialist
Republic of Moldova; Moldavia
Government type: republic
Capital: Chisinau
Administrative divisions:
40 raions (singular—raion) and 4 municipalities*; Anenii Noi, Balti*, Basarabeasca,
Bender*, Briceni, Cahul, Cainari, Calarasi, Camenca, Cantemir, Causeni,
Ceadir-Lunga, Chisinau*, Cimislia, Comrat, Criuleni, Donduseni, Drochia,
Dubasari, Edinet, Falesti, Floresti, Glodeni, Grigoriopol, Hincesti, Ialoveni,
Leova, Nisporeni, Ocnita, Orhei, Rezina, Ribnita, Riscani, Singerei, Slobozia,
Soldanesti, Soroca, Stefan-Voda, Straseni, Taraclia, Telenesti, Tiraspol*,
Ungheni, Vulcanesti
note: in accordance with
the Law on Territorial Administrative Reform, the 40 raions have been reorganized
into 9 counties (judets), one municipality*, and 2 territorial units**:
Baltsi, Cahul, Chisinau, Chisinau*, Dubossary district (Transnistria)**,
Edinets, Gagauzia**, Lapushna, Orhei, Soroca, Tighina, Ungheni; the status
of the Dubossary district is still under negotiation
Independence: 27 August 1991 (from Soviet Union)
National holiday: Independence Day, 27 August 1991
Constitution: new constitution adopted 28 July 1994; replaces old Soviet constitution of 1979
Legal system: based on civil law system; Constitutional Court reviews legality of legislative acts and governmental decisions of resolution; it is unclear if Moldova accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction but accepts many UN and Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) documents
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
chief of state: President
Petru LUCINSCHI (since 15 January 1997)
head of government: Prime
Minister Ion CIUBUC (since 15 January 1997) and four deputy prime ministers
cabinet: Council of Ministers
appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister
elections: president elected
by popular vote for a four-year term; election last held 17 November 1996;
runoff election 1 December 1996 (next to be held NA November 2000); following
legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of the
majority coalition is usually elected prime minister by Parliament; names
of deputy prime ministers are submitted by the prime minister for acceptance
by the president
election results: Petru
LUCINSCHI ran against Mircea SNEGUR and was elected president; percent
of vote—LUCINSCHI 54%, SNEGUR 46%; Prime Minister Ion CIUBUC was appointed
by the president 15 January 1997 and was elected by a parliamentary vote
of 75-15 on 24 January 1997
Legislative branch:
unicameral Parliament or Parlamentul (101 seats; members are directly elected
by popular vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 22
March 1998 (next to be held spring 2002)
election results: percent
of vote by party—PCM 30%, CDM 19%, PMDP 18%, PFD 9%; seats by party—PCM
40, CDM 26, PMDP 24, PFD 11
note: the comparative breakdown
of seats by faction is approximate
Judicial branch: Supreme Court
Political parties and leaders: Communist Party or PCM [Vladimir VORONIN, first chairman]; The Democratic Convention or CDM (includes the Christian Democratic Popular Front or FPCD and the Party of Rivival and Conciliation or PRC) [Mircea SNEGUR and Iurie ROSCA, chairmen]; Party of Democratic Forces or PFD [Valeriu MATEI, chairman]; Bloc for a Democratic and Prosperous Moldova or PMDP [Dumitru DIACOV]; Socialist Unity Faction or US of the Socialist Party of Moldova or PSM [leader NA]; Social Democratic Party of Moldova or PSDM [Oazu NANTOI, chairman]; Agrarian Democratic Party of Moldova or PDAM [Dumitru MOTPAN, chairman]; Peasants and Intellectuals Bloc [Lidia ISTRATI, chairwoman]; Liberal Party of Moldova or PLM [Mircea RUSU, chairman]; Socialist Party of Moldova or PSM [Valeriu SENIC and Victor MOREV, cochairmen]; Party for Social Progress or PPSM [Eugen SOBOR, chairman]; Civic Unity [Vladimir SOLONARI]; Moldovan National Peasant Party or PNTM [Simeon CERTAN]; Party of People's Social Justice [Maricica LITVITCHI]
Political pressure groups and leaders: The Ecology Movement of Moldova or EMM [Alecu RENITSA, chairman]; The Christian Democratic League of Women of Moldova or CDLWM [Lidia ISTRATI, chairwoman]; National Christian Party of Moldova or NCPM [V. NIKU, leader]; The Peoples Movement Gagauz Khalky or GKh [S. GULGAR, leader]; The Democratic Party of Gagauzia or DPG [G. SAVOSTIN, chairman]; The Alliance of Working People of Moldova or AWPM [G. POLOGOV, president]; Liberal Convention of Moldova (now the Liberal Party); Association of Victims of Repression [Alexander USATIUC]; Christian Democratic Youth Organization [Valeriu BARBA]; National Youth League [Valeriu STRELETS]; Union of Youth of Moldova [Petru GAVTON]
International organization participation: ACCT, BIS, BSEC, CCC, CE, CEI, CIS, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO (correspondent), ITU, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (applicant)
Flag description: same color scheme as Romania—three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red; emblem in center of flag is of a Roman eagle of gold outlined in black with a red beak and talons carrying a yellow cross in its beak and a green olive branch in its right talons and a yellow scepter in its left talons; on its breast is a shield divided horizontally red over blue with a stylized ox head, star, rose, and crescent all in black-outlined yellow
Disputes—international: separatist Transdniester region, comprising the area between the Nistru (Dniester) River and Ukraine, has its own de facto government, dominated by Moldovan Slavs
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Última actualització: 8 de juny de 2000